Wound-healing peptides curb bacterial colonization in cystic fibrosis airway models

· Medical Xpress

by University of Geneva

edited by Swati Mestri, reviewed by Robert Egan

Swati Mestri

Scientific Editor

Meet our editorial team
Behind our editorial process

Robert Egan

Senior Editor

Meet our editorial team
Behind our editorial process Editors' notes

This article has been reviewed according to Science X's editorial process and policies. Editors have highlighted the following attributes while ensuring the content's credibility:

fact-checked

peer-reviewed publication

trusted source

proofread

The GIST Add as preferred source


Treatment with peptide mimetics reduced the number of bacteria present on the surface of the airways (shown in red) in a cystic fibrosis model. Credit: UNIGE – Marc Chanson

Cystic fibrosis, one of the most common genetic diseases in Switzerland, promotes chronic bacterial infections by impairing the protective barrier of the airways. Scientists at the University of Geneva (UNIGE) have discovered that this dysfunction is caused by the abnormal activation of a protein, connexin 43, which disrupts cellular organization and compromises the integrity of the airways.

The team has not only shed light on this molecular mechanism using 3D models of cells derived from human lungs but has also succeeded in correcting the defect using molecules already undergoing clinical trials in dermatology and oncology. Preventing pathogenic bacteria from attaching to the airways of people with cystic fibrosis could therefore help limit serious complications.

These findings are published in the journal Communications Biology.

Despite significant therapeutic advances, chronic pulmonary infections persist in many patients with cystic fibrosis. Eradicating respiratory pathogens therefore remains a major challenge.

In previous work, Marc Chanson's team—led by Chanson, a full professor at the Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, the Department of Paediatrics, Gynaecology and Obstetrics, and the Geneva Centre for Inflammation Research at the UNIGE Faculty of Medicine—discovered that this vulnerability to infection stemmed from abnormal adhesion sites on the surface of respiratory cells—true "anchor points" to which bacteria attach firmly.

"But to develop treatments, we first needed to understand the underlying mechanisms," explains Chanson.

A protein behind bacterial anchor points

Connexin 43 is a protein known for its role in communication between cells, a process essential to the functioning of tissues and organs. In the airways, it is normally active only when cells need to regenerate. In people with cystic fibrosis, however, it remains abnormally active, triggering a cascade of dysfunctions.

"Using 3D models of cells derived from human lungs, we discovered that prolonged connexin 43 activity alters cell communication, disrupts cell orientation and progressively disorganizes tissue integrity," says Mehdi Badaoui, senior lecturer in the Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism at the UNIGE Faculty of Medicine and first author of the study.

"It then promotes the formation of the anchor points to which the bacteria responsible for respiratory infections attach."

Restoring the integrity of the airways

By blocking connexin 43 activity in their 3D models, the research team was able to restore cell orientation, re-establish the spatial organization of cells and prevent the formation of anchor points.

"Mimetic peptides—short synthetic molecules already used to promote wound healing—drastically reduced the ability of bacteria to colonize respiratory cells," explains Badaoui.

"These findings demonstrate that the regulation of cell communication by connexin 43 is a fundamental element in maintaining pulmonary defense," concludes Chanson.

"By targeting the deep mechanisms underlying airway dysfunction, our results could offer an additional treatment approach."

Publication details

Mehdi Badaoui et al, Cx43 levels guide apicobasal polarity in regenerating airway epithelial cells, Communications Biology (2026). DOI: 10.1038/s42003-026-10413-7

Journal information: Communications Biology

Key medical concepts

Cystic FibrosisConnexin 43

Clinical categories

Pulmonary medicinePediatrics Provided by University of Geneva Who's behind this story?

Swati Mestri

Swati Mestri holds a bachelor's degree in Electronics Engineering and has worked as a content editor since 2019. She has experience editing research documents across technology, health care, and materials science, and has a particular interest in technology and space. Full profile →

Robert Egan

Bachelor's in mathematical biology, Master's in creative writing. Well-traveled with unique perspectives on science and language. Full profile →

Citation: Wound-healing peptides curb bacterial colonization in cystic fibrosis airway models (2026, September 12) retrieved 12 September 2026 from https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-09-wound-peptides-curb-bacterial-colonization.html This document is subject to copyright. Apart from any fair dealing for the purpose of private study or research, no part may be reproduced without the written permission. The content is provided for information purposes only.