5 lifestyle changes that can help manage inflammatory bowel disease symptoms

Doctors have outlined five lifestyle changes that may help people with inflammatory bowel disease manage symptoms. They say these measures should support, not replace, regular treatment and follow-up care.

In Short

• IBD cases are rising among younger adults in India, experts note
• Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis cause recurring digestive inflammation and discomfort
• Trigger foods vary, so patients are advised to keep diaries

Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), which mainly includes Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, is becoming increasingly common among younger adults in India. The condition causes long-term inflammation in the digestive tract and can lead to symptoms such as abdominal pain, diarrhoea, weight loss, fatigue, bloating and loss of appetite.

In severe cases, it can also affect mental health, sleep, nutrition and daily routine.

While medicines and medical supervision remain the main part of treatment, experts say lifestyle choices also play an important role in controlling symptoms and preventing repeated flare-ups. Many patients struggle to identify what worsens their condition, but simple daily habits related to food, stress, exercise and sleep can make a noticeable difference over time.

According toDr. Vikas Jindal, Consultant, Dept of Gastroenterology at the CK Birla Hospital, Delhi, says patients with IBD should focus not only on treatment but also on maintaining a gut-friendly lifestyle. He explains that healthy habits can help reduce inflammation, improve digestion and support long-term disease management.

WHAT IS INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE?

IBD is a chronic condition where the immune system mistakenly attacks parts of the digestive tract, leading to inflammation. The two most common forms are Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis.

Crohn’s disease can affect any part of the digestive system, while ulcerative colitis mainly affects the large intestine and rectum. Symptoms may come and go, with periods of flare-ups followed by remission.

Doctors say there is no permanent cure yet, but proper treatment and lifestyle management can help patients live healthier and more comfortable lives.

FIVE LIFESTYLE CHANGES THAT MAY HELP MANAGE IBD SYMPTOMS

1. FOLLOW A BALANCED AND GUT-FRIENDLY DIET

Diet plays a major role in managing IBD symptoms. During flare-ups, patients may find certain foods difficult to digest. Doctors usually advise avoiding overly spicy, oily, processed and high-fibre foods when symptoms are active.

Instead, patients can focus on simple and easily digestible meals such as rice, curd, boiled vegetables, bananas, soups and soft proteins. Eating smaller meals throughout the day may also help reduce stress on the digestive system.

Experts also recommend maintaining a food diary to identify personal trigger foods, as triggers can differ from one patient to another.

2. STAY HYDRATED

Dehydration is a common concern among IBD patients, especially those experiencing diarrhoea or frequent bowel movements. Losing fluids repeatedly can lead to weakness, dizziness and fatigue.

Doctors advise drinking enough water throughout the day and including fluids like coconut water, clear soups and oral rehydration solutions if needed. Proper hydration helps maintain digestion and overall body function.

3. MANAGE STRESS LEVELS

Stress does not directly cause IBD, but it can worsen symptoms and trigger flare-ups in many patients. Emotional stress can affect gut health and increase inflammation in the body.

Experts recommend stress-management activities such as yoga, meditation, deep breathing exercises and mindfulness practices. Getting enough sleep is equally important, as poor sleep can negatively impact immunity and digestion.

Mental health support and counselling may also help patients dealing with anxiety related to chronic illness.

4. INCLUDE REGULAR PHYSICAL ACTIVITY

Moderate exercise can support digestion, improve immunity and reduce stress levels. Doctors say physical activity also helps maintain bone strength and overall fitness, which is important for patients dealing with chronic inflammation.

Simple exercises like walking, swimming, cycling or light yoga are considered beneficial for most patients. However, experts advise avoiding excessive physical strain during active flare-ups or severe fatigue.

5. AVOID SMOKING AND LIMIT ALCOHOL

Smoking is known to worsen inflammation in Crohn’s disease and may increase the risk of complications. Alcohol can also irritate the digestive tract and trigger symptoms in some patients.

Doctors strongly advise patients with IBD to quit smoking and reduce alcohol intake as much as possible. These changes may help improve long-term gut health and reduce disease severity.

IMPORTANCE OF REGULAR MEDICAL CARE

Experts say lifestyle changes alone are not enough and should always be combined with proper medical treatment. Patients should continue taking prescribed medicines regularly and attend follow-up appointments even when symptoms improve.

Regular monitoring helps doctors detect complications early and adjust treatment plans if needed. Early intervention and consistent care can help patients manage symptoms better and improve their quality of life over time.

“Inflammatory Bowel Disease requires long-term management, but with the right treatment and healthy lifestyle habits, many patients can lead active and healthy lives,” said Dr Vikas Jindal.

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