Get these 5 tests done to prevent heart disease

Early detection of cardiovascular issues is important in preventing serious health complications. These include getting regular check-ups done.

Heart health is critical to overall well-being, and early detection of cardiovascular problems can greatly reduce the risk of serious complications.

Regular heart checkups, even in the absence of symptoms, are important, particularly for individuals with risk factors like family history, obesity, smoking, or high cholesterol.

Below are some key heart tests and guidelines on when to seek medical attention.

Blood Pressure Monitoring

High blood pressure, often referred to as the "silent killer," is one of the most significant risk factors for heart disease and stroke. Dr Meenakshi Mohan, Consultant Pathologist at Neuberg Pulse Diagnostics, Kolkata, emphasised the importance of regular monitoring.

"Healthy adults should check their blood pressure at least every two years, while those with a family history or other risk factors should do so annually," she advised.

Readings consistently above 130/80 mm Hg require prompt medical consultation to prevent complications.

Cholesterol Test (Lipid Panel)

A lipid panel is essential for measuring total cholesterol, LDL (bad cholesterol), HDL (good cholesterol), and triglycerides. Dr. Mohan recommends this test for adults over 20 at least every five years, with more frequent testing for those with elevated cholesterol or heart disease risk.

"High LDL levels significantly increase the chances of heart attacks and strokes, making it crucial to manage cholesterol through lifestyle changes and medications," she added.

Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG)

An ECG evaluates the heart's electrical activity and can detect irregularities like arrhythmias or early signs of a heart attack.

Dr Mohan advised that anyone experiencing chest pain, shortness of breath, or palpitations should undergo this test immediately, as these symptoms could indicate underlying heart issues.

Stress Test

A stress test helps assess how well the heart performs under physical exertion, especially in those with high risk factors or symptoms of heart disease.

"If someone experiences chest discomfort or unusual fatigue during exercise, it’s a strong indication for a stress test," Dr Mohan said.

Blood Sugar Monitoring

High blood sugar, particularly in individuals with diabetes, increases the risk of heart disease. "Regular monitoring of blood sugar and HbA1c is crucial for those with diabetes, as poor control can lead to cardiovascular complications," Dr. Mohan explained.

It is vital to seek medical attention for heart health if you experience any unusual or concerning symptoms. Warning signs include persistent chest pain or discomfort that spreads to the arms, neck, or back, shortness of breath, dizziness, or lightheadedness.

"Irregular heartbeats, palpitations, or swelling in the legs can indicate cardiovascular problems, and anyone at high risk for heart disease should undergo early screenings," Dr Mohan advised.