Study finds genetic basis for GLP-1 weight loss efficacy and side effects
· News-MedicalAdam Auton, Vice President of Human Genetics at 23andMe Research Institute and author of the studyThe study demonstrates the incredible power of our crowdsourced research community to advance scientific understanding of human genetic variation."
By analyzing both genetic markers and self-reported patient experiences, the research team uncovered several key insights into how human genetics influence the effects of these widely prescribed medications:
- Nausea and Vomiting: The study identified associations linking variation in both the GLP1R and GIPR genes to GLP-1 medication-related nausea or vomiting.
- Drug-Specific Effects: The association between the GIPR genetic variation and nausea and vomiting side effects is restricted specifically to individuals using tirzepatide (Mounjaro© and Zepbound©), and not semaglutide (Ozempic© and Wegovy©).
These discoveries lay the foundation for more personalized approaches in the treatment of obesity, suggesting a future where genetic testing could help guide treatment strategies.
The organization has released a new report, called GLP-1 Medications Weight Loss and Nausea, to members of its Total Health service. The new report provides insight into weight loss and nausea risk when taking a GLP-1 medication based on these new findings from 23andMe research. This new report includes an interactive tool that allows individuals to explore how genetics and other factors like age and certain medical conditions may impact weight loss and nausea on GLP-1 medications. Together, these factors can predict significant variability in an individual's likelihood of weight loss or side effects. Among 23andMe research participants, weight loss estimates vary between 6% and 20% of starting weight, and the chances of nausea or vomiting range from 5% to 78%, depending on genetics and other factors.
"While there is high interest in GLP-1 medications, there is significant variation in how well they work for different people. The market is crowded with weight loss support and medications, but the approach to weight management is typically one of trial and error. This can lead people to leap into treatment with a high degree of uncertainty and unrealistic expectations about efficacy and possible side effects, said Dr. Noura Abul-Husn, MD, PhD, Chief Medical Officer at the 23andMe Research Institute. "We believe these reports are a step forward in meeting an unmet need for a more informed and personalized approach to weight management."
"The new GLP-1 report is a part of our Total Health service, where a clinician is part of the conversation," continued Abul-Husn. "GLP-1 treatment decisions are complex and having access to clinical expertise to help contextualize your genetic results alongside your full health picture is exactly the kind of guidance this report is designed to support."
Source:
Journal reference: