Research paves the way for genetic control of disease-spreading ticks
· News-MedicalTidwell primarily conducts genetic research in arthropods, specifically cattle fever ticks. The publication is based on a foundational research project that identified the genetic markers for sex determination in the tick species Rhipicephalus microplus, one of two invasive cattle fever tick species found in northern Mexico that constantly threaten re-establishment in the U.S.
Collaboration could aid tick control
Lohmeyer said Tidwell was hooked by the idea of using genetic control methods of an important pest and that his study's discovery now opens the door for innovative solutions against disease-carrying ticks.
"It lays the foundation for potential genetic pest control methods that have been applied to other arthropods including the primary screwworm and several mosquito species," Teel said.
Research provides foundation for potential weapon against ticks
There are no approved anti-babesia vaccines, nor therapeutic drugs to treat the disease. The program has depended on chemical control with acaricides, pesticides for controlling ticks and mites. Discovery of genetic control tactics would be a novel approach, Teel said. New tactics are increasingly necessary because cattle fever ticks are showing increased resistance to acaricides.
"One idea is to genetically manipulate sex ratios in the environment in ways that prevent reproduction and crash populations of the pest," Tidwell said.
That genetic method has already shown promise to control Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, which vector diseases like West Nile virus, Dengue, yellow fever and Zika to humans. In that way, Tidwell's discovery could lead to similar control methods for other tick-borne diseases like Lyme disease in humans.
Aaron Tarone, Ph.D., an AgriLife Research scientist and professor in the Department of Entomology, and co-advisor to Tidwell, said any new control tool will need to be logistically, environmentally and economically sustainable, but agreed the study has opened the door for innovative advancements.
"The next step will be building genomes of ticks of local reference from both here in Texas and Mexico to examine their genetic variation," Tarone said. "The whole genomics arena and technology associated with it has opened the door to so many possibilities when it comes to dealing with vectors that pose serious threats to human and animal health."
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