A comprehensive review led by Associate Researcher Linnan Zhu and Academician Zemin Zhang at Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center (BIOPIC), Peking University, China, and Chongqing Medical University, China, was published in Volume 2, article number 27 of the journal Immunity & Inflammation on June 05, 2026.

Malignant tumors remain a major threat to human health, with conventional therapies and first-generation immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) facing limitations like drug resistance and low response rates.