The President of Poland, Karol Nawrocki and the President of Ukraine, Volodymyr Zelenskyy walk past the honour guards during a welcome ceremony at the Presidential Palace on December 19, 2025 in Warsaw, Poland.Omar Marques/Getty Images

How a bloody past is reshaping politics in Poland and Ukraine – POLITICO

by · POLITICO

WARSAW — Poland and Ukraine have a common enemy — Russia — but a dispute over massacres eight decades ago is increasingly being weaponized in domestic politics on both sides.

The historical feud began in May when Ukraine’s President Volodymyr Zelenskyy named a Ukrainian military unit after the “Heroes of UPA,” which outraged Poland. The Ukrainian Insurgent Army, known as UPA, killed tens of thousands of Poles in World War II in an ethnic cleansing campaign in what is now western Ukraine.

On the Polish side, the heated debate about Zelenskyy’s move is already threatening to weigh on next year’s crucial general election — with the nationalist camp seeing an opportunity to score points against pro-EU centrists.