Texas reports rise in cyclospora cases as foodborne illness spreads nationwide

The source remains unknown, but past outbreaks have been linked to fresh produce.

Texas has reported 48 cases of Cyclospora, a foodborne illness caused by a parasite that health experts say can lead to severe gastrointestinal symptoms.

Dr. David Winter, an internal medicine physician with Baylor Scott & White, said cyclospora infections typically increase during the summer. However, he said the current increase affecting several states could become the worst in years.

At least 20 people nationwide have been hospitalized with symptoms that can last for weeks.

"It's really bad disease right now and sometimes you get in your intestines and that gives you these horrible cramps and gurgling and then diarrhea. In fact, the diarrhea is so bad, they call it explosive diarrhea," Winter said.

Cyclospora is caused by a parasite rather than a virus or bacteria. Winter said the parasite multiplies inside the intestines, contributing to recurring symptoms.

"It's a parasite. It's not a virus, it is not bacteria. So the parasite, once it gets in your intestine, it starts to multiply. And then when it builds up a certain amount, then it comes out with this explosion, and then it starts multiply again," Winter said.

The illness spreads through food or water contaminated with infected feces and is rarely transmitted from person to person.

The source of the current outbreak is unknown. Previous outbreaks have been linked to fresh fruits and vegetables, including basil, cilantro, raspberries and snow peas.

Doctors recommend thoroughly washing fresh produce before eating it to help reduce the risk of infection.

For many people, symptoms can be managed at home, and antibiotics are also effective, according to Winter.

He said patients with severe diarrhea should let their doctor know about their symptoms because many routine stool tests do not automatically screen for cyclospora.

"Most stool tests in laboratories don't look for this. So you want to be sure and tell your doctor, I've got this, quote, explosive diarrhea. I'm cramping, I feel like hell, I have all this fatigue," Winter said.

While the infection is uncommon, Winter said it can be especially difficult for those who become sick.

"It's rare, but boy when you get it, it is tough," Winter said.

This story was originally reported for broadcast by NBC DFW. AI tools helped convert the story into a digital article, and an NBC DFW journalist edited it again before publication.